Indaba yePlastiki iyindaba yempumelelo.Futhi isisekelo saleyo mpumelelo isifiso somuntu sempilo engcono.Ipulasitiki - ngaphezu kwanoma iyiphi enye impahla, iye yavusa ilukuluku lesayensi.Ukuklama amapulasitiki anezici zobuchwepheshe ezifanele ukwenza umsebenzi yindaba engapheli.
Ipayipi lepulasitikiamasistimu agcwalisa izinhlobonhlobo zezidingo zesevisi.Lezi zidingo zichazwe ngokunembile kusethi ephelele Yamazinga Omkhiqizo WaseYurophu kuhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye ngokuhambisana nezici zazo ezithile.Ngokwesibonelo:
- Ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okuphuza: Izidingo zokuhlanzeka
- Ukuhanjiswa kwegesi: Izidingo zokuphepha eziphakeme kakhulu
- Amapayipi epulasitiki okushisa okukhazimulayo nokushisisa phansi: Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa emashumini eminyaka
- Ukufakwa kwendle: Ukumelana namakhemikhali aphezulu
Amapayipi epulasitiki akwazi ngokuphelele ukufeza imfuneko ethile yesicelo ngasinye.Benza kanjalo ngezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza esikhathini eside sokuphila kanye nokwethembeka nokuphepha.
Isici esibalulekile sempumelelo sifinyelelwa ngokugcina amazinga ekhwalithi ephezulu njalo.Ngemikhiqizo yamapayipi epulasitiki, lawa mazinga achazwe eduze ngamazinga ahlukene.
Izici ezimbili ezibalulekile zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuhle kwamapayipi epulasitiki: ukuguquguquka nempilo ende.
Ukuvumelana nezimo:Amapayipi epulasitiki ahlukaniswa ngokuqina kwawo kwendandatho.Izigaba zokuqina ezincanyelwayo njengoba zichazwe kumazinga amaningana womkhiqizo yilezi: SN2, SN4, SN8 kanye ne-SN16.Ukuqina kwendandatho yamapayipi kubalulekile uma ezomelana nokulayisha kwangaphandle ngesikhathi sokufakwa.Lapho isibalo siphakeme, ipayipi liyaqina!
Ngemva kokufaka kahle, ukuchezuka kwepayipi kuhlala kulinganiselwe kodwa kuzoqhubeka ngokwezinga elithile isikhashana.Maqondana nomhlabathi oshumekwe kuwo, ipayipi lepulasitiki liziphatha ngendlela 'eguquguqukayo'.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuphambuka okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi kuncike ekuhlalweni kwenhlabathi ezungeze ipayipi.
Ngokuyisisekelo, ipayipi ilandela ukunyakaza kwenhlabathi noma ukulungiswa kwe-backfill, njengoba ochwepheshe beyibiza kanjalo.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukufakwa kahle kwamapayipi kuzoholela ekutheni umhlabathi uhlale kahle.Ukuchezuka okwengeziwe kuzohlala kunomkhawulo.
Ngamapayipi aguquguqukayo, ukulayishwa kwenhlabathi kusatshalaliswa futhi kusekelwa inhlabathi ezungezile.Ukucindezeleka nokucindezeleka okubangelwa ukuphambuka kwepayipi kuzokwenzeka ngaphakathi kodonga lwamapayipi.Nokho, ukucindezelwa okubangelwe akusoze kweqa amanani omkhawulo avunyelwe.
Ukuziphatha kwe-thermoplastic yezinto zepayipi kufana nokuthi ukucindezeleka okudaliwe kuphumule kuze kube sezingeni eliphansi kakhulu.Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlobo ezibanjiwe zingaphansi kakhulu kwamazinga avumelekile.
Lokhu kuziphatha okuguquguqukayo kusho ukuthi ipayipi ngeke lihluleke.Izobonisa kuphela ukuchezuka okwengeziwe ngenkathi igcina umsebenzi wayo ngaphandle kokuphuka.
Kodwa-ke, amapayipi aqinile ngokwendalo yawo awaguquki futhi ngeke alandele ukunyakaza komhlaba.Bazothwala yonke imithwalo yomhlabathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo yokuhlala.Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ipayipi eliqinile lingaphansi kokulayisha ngokweqile, lizofinyelela umkhawulo wamanani okucindezeleka ngokushesha futhi liphule.
Ngakho-ke kungaphethwa ngokuthi ukuguquguquka kwamapayipi epulasitiki kufana nokuthi kunikeza isici esengeziwe sokuphepha.Amapayipi Angcwatshiwe adinga ukuguquguquka.
Isikhathi Sokuphila Okude:Amapayipi epulasitiki asetshenziswe ngempumelelo enkonzweni iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50.Isikhathi sokuphila esibikezelwe sezinhlelo zamapayipi epulasitiki sidlula iminyaka eyi-100.Ucwaningo oluningi lwemboni luye lwabonisa lesi sifo.
Izinto zamapayipi epulasitiki bezilokhu zihlukaniswa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwengcindezi yesikhathi eside.Izikhathi zokuhluleka ezilinganisiwe njengomsebenzi wokucindezelwa odongeni lwamapayipi kuboniswe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi Ama-Regression Curves.
I-extrapolation esekelwe ezikhathini zokwehluleka ezilinganisiwe ibalwe ukuze ifinyelele eminyakeni engama-50.Ukucindezeleka okubikezelwe ukwehluleka eminyakeni engu-50 kwathathwa njengesisekelo sokuhlukaniswa.Leli nani libizwa nge-MRS, I-Minimum Required Stress, eminyakeni engama-50.
Isici Sokuphepha:Kusuka enanini le-MRS elifanelekile, isici sokuphepha sisetshenziswa ukuze kufike ekucindezelekeni komklamo lapho kubalwe khona i-PN yokucindezela okulinganiselwe.Izici zokuphepha ezijwayelekile eze-PE 1,25 kanye ne-PVC 2,0.Ngakho-ke ukucindezela okulinganiselwe okufanelekile kwepayipi lepulasitiki kuhlanganisa isici sokuphepha, esiholela ekwakhiweni okuphephile kakhulu kwesistimu yamapayipi.
Ngakho-ke kugcizelelwa ukuthi lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwamapayipi epulasitiki akuhlangene nokuphila kwangempela okubikezelwe kwamapayipi epulasitiki.Lokhu kungaba yinde kakhulu.Kusanda kushicilelwa uphenyo oluningi olubonisa ukuthi amapayipi e-PVC nawe-PE azohlala isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-100.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-27-2018