Ukuxuba inqubo ye-extrusion iyona ndlela kuphela yokuthi izinto ze-polymer, ikakhulukazi amapulasitiki, zisuke emikhiqizweni ziye kwezezimboni.Izinto zesimanje ze-polymer zithuthukela kuzinto zokwakha ze-polymer ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, izinto ezintsha zokusebenza ze-polymer kanye nezinto ezijwayelekile ze-polymer ezinezindleko eziphansi nokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukuxuba inqubo ye-extrusion iyona ndlela kuphela yokuthi izinto ze-polymer, ikakhulukazi amapulasitiki, zisuke emikhiqizweni ziye kwezezimboni.Okwesimanjeizinto ze-polymerzithuthukela kuzinto zokwakha ze-polymer ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, izinto ezintsha zokusebenza ze-polymer kanye nezinto ezijwayelekile ze-polymer ezinezindleko eziphansi nokusebenza okuphezulu.Izinto zokwakha ze-polymer ezisebenza kahle zibonakala ngamandla athile athile aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokuqhunyiswa nokucutshungulwa kalula, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wezwe kanye nokuvikeleka kwezwe.Ngenxa yohlobo lwayo oluhlukile olusebenzayo nolukhethekile, izinto ezintsha zokusebenza ze-polymer zisetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni yezimboni ezifana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo yemvelo, ukusebenza kolwazi, imishini ye-biomedical, ulwelwesi lokuhlukanisa izinto, ukuguqulwa kwamandla kanye nobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla.Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezinto ezijwayelekile ze-polymer kanye nezindleko eziphansi zamapulasitiki wobunjiniyela kuseyizinto okugxilwe kuzo ocwaningweni lwamanje nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ze-polymer kanye nesinyathelo esibalulekile sokwandisa ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki ajwayelekile namapulasitiki obunjiniyela.
Ngokungeziwe kwezinye izakhiwo zokucubungula zezinto ze-polymer zendabuko, izinto ezintsha ze-polymer zinomehluko omningi kuzakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali.Kuvela ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezintsha ze-polymeric, izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa, ukuxutshwa kwe-polymer ephezulu yokuxuba impahla nakho kubekwa phambili ngesicelo esiphezulu, ubuchwepheshe bokuxuba bendabuko kanye nemishini ayinakho into entsha ye-polymer ephezulu ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokuxuba, ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo olusha lokuxuba ubuchwepheshe be-extrusion kanye nemishini, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezinto ezintsha ze-polymer ekuthuthukisweni, ukuxuba imishini ye-BNR;ngasikhathi sinye, futhi kuwumkhuba ongenakugwenywa wokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokucubungula i-polymer namuhla.
- 1.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-twin screwukuxuba extrusionubuchwepheshe
Ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokuxuba nokuxuba i-extrusion ukuhlanganisa izinto ezikhona ze-polymer nezinhlobonhlobo zama-polymers noma ukwengeza ezinye izinto zokuthuthukisa inhlanganisela yezinto ezihlukene, ukuze kuthuthukiswe kakhulu izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo, noma unikeze izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinezakhiwo ezintsha, wengeze izinhlobo ezintsha kuzo. umndeni we-polymer.Kuwo wonke umkhakha wepulasitiki, cishe amaphesenti angama-60 amapulasitiki kufanele axutshwe futhi aguqulwe ukuze akhiqize izinto ezintsha.Iningi lalezi zinqubo zokucubungula eziyinkimbinkimbi ziqedwa kumishini yokuxuba emelwe i-twin screw extruder.Ukusebenzisa isikulufu esisohlangothini olufanayo ukuxuba i-extrusion kunezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
(1) ukuxuba okuhle kakhulu nokusebenza kwe-plasticizing, okungaqinisekisa ngokugcwele ukufana kokuhlakazeka nokusebenza okufanayo kwezinto ezihlukahlukene ngemva kokuxuba, futhi kulungele ukusebenza okuyinkimbinkimbi njengokugcwalisa, ukuxuba, ukuqinisa ingilazi ye-fiber, i-extrusion esebenzayo kanye nokususwa okuguquguqukayo kwama-resin ahlukahlukene kanye amapulasitiki.
(2) isilinda nesikulufu kungathola inhlanganisela “yebhulokhi yokwakha”, ukuze kuzuzwe izinjongo eziningi, imisebenzi eminingi.
(3) i-screw meshing, umphumela wokuzihlanza muhle;Izinto zithola umphumela ophakeme wokuvuselela indawo nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokukhipha, okungaqeda igesi noma i-monomer ekhiqizwe ekuxubeni nasekufakeni ipulasitiki.
(4) isivinini esikhulu sesikulufa, umthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi ngokukhiqizwa kweyunithi ngayinye, umphumela osobala wokonga amandla.
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinzuzo ezingenhla, ubuchwepheshe be-co-directional twin-screw mixing extrusion bunenzuzo engenakubuyiseleka kumishini yokucubungula impahla ye-polymer futhi buthatha isikhundla esiphambili ekukhiqizweni kokuguqulwa kwe-polymer.
Njengamanje, uhlobo olusha lwe-twin-screw compounding kanye nokusetshenziswa kwakamuva kobuchwepheshe be-extrusion kubonakala ikakhulukazi kulezi zici ezilandelayo: ukulungiswa kokuguqulwa kwezinto ze-nanometer kuyimpahla ephakeme ye-polymer eqinile yohlobo lwe-Gao Ren lwezindleko eziphansi, izinto eziphezulu ze-polymer alloy, ukuvikela i-electromagnetic. izinto zokwakha ze-polymeric, izinto ze-polymer ezinoveli zamapulasitiki awonakaliswayo, ukupakishwa kwe-elekthronikhi, i-masterbatch entsha kanye ne-masterbatch ehlukahlukene esebenzayo, njll., kungabuye kusetshenziselwe ukwenza izinto ezintsha eziyinhlanganisela (njengenhlanganisela yepulasitiki yokhuni) ukukhiqizwa nokulungiswa kwezinto ezintsha, ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi isetshenziselwe ukuxhunyelelwa kwe-polymer, i-polycondensation ye-extrusion esebenzayo.Izimboni ezithintekayo zihlanganisa izinto zasendlini, izimoto, ezokuxhumana, ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, ukuvikela izwe, i-aerospace, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, imboni yamakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, amandla kagesi, njll.
- 2.Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha be-polymer material extrusion ngesikulufu esingamawele
Njengamanje, isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezintsha ze-polymer, ikakhulukazi ezakhiwe ngama-nanomaterials, amapulasitiki awonakaliswayo, i-asphalt eshintshiwe kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe zokhuni-plastic, izikhungo zokusungulwa kwezimboni zalezi zinto, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-twin-screw extrusion obuqondiswa ngendlela efanayo. ukhiye wokufeza intuthuko yezimboni.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezijwayelekile ze-polyolefin, lezi zinto zinomehluko omkhulu ekubunjweni kwesistimu yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana kanye nezakhiwo ze-rheological.
(1).I-Nanomatadium isiba uhlobo olusha lwezinto zokwakha ezithuthukiswa amazwe ahlukahlukene emhlabeni.Kusukela ekulungiseni i-nanometer masterbatch kuya ekukhiqizweni kwamapulasitiki aguquliwe i-nanometer, i-twin-screw extruder idlala indima engenakuthathelwa indawo ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni zamapulasitiki e-nanometer.Okokuqala, ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana zama-nanomaterials, ukuxutshwa kwe-extrusion kanye nemiphumela yokuhlakazwa kuyadingeka ukuthi ibe phezulu.Okwesibili, ukulungiswa kwe-nanometer masterbatch yezimpawu zokuncibilika kwe-inviscid, ukuqina okuphansi, kuqukethe inani elikhulu le-extrusion yegesi kanye nezithasiselo ohlelweni lokususa imikhiqizo yokubola, kanye ne-polymer yendabuko ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zezici ze-plasticizing ezifana nokuqina okuphezulu, ukupholisa nokupholisa. inqubo yomkhiqizo oqediwe ihlukile kunqubo evamile ye-polyolefin masterbatch.Ukusuka ekuxubeni nasekufakeni i-plasticizing extruder kuya ekupholiseni kanye ne-granulation, intuthuko eminingi emisha iyadingeka.Ngakho-ke, indlela yokupholisa evamile ye-polymer encibilikisiwe ayikwazi ukwamukelwa.Umkhiqizo wokugcina ukhiqizwa ngokuthatha imodi yokuphakela evaliwe eneqoqo lempushana, kusetshenziswa into entsha esebenza kahle kakhulu yerotha eqinile kusikulufi, ukubeka imodi yokukhipha umoya yohlobo lwebhafa kusilinda, nokusebenzisa umzila wokudlulisa nokupholisa ibhande, ukuchotshozwa ngaphambili. kanye nokuchotshozwa kokupholisa nokuchotshozwa komugqa wezinto.
(2) .Kunesitashi esiningi ekuthuthukisweni kwamapulasitiki awonakaliswa isitashi agcwele isitashi, amapulasitiki awonakaliswa kabili kanye namapulasitiki e-starch thermoplastic.Ngaphezu kokwenza i-plasticizing kanye nokuwaxuba, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwesikhathi sokuhlala ohlelweni lwe-extrusion kube yizinkinga ezidinga ukuxazululwa lapho kuhlanganiswa kanye ne-granulating.Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngezinto ezithile, isilinganiso esifanele somsingathi sobude bobude bobubanzi bobude, indawo yokukhipha umoya nenani, isakhiwo nesikulufu nokuhlelwa, imodi yokwengeza okungeziwe kanye nephoyinti lokwengeza kufanele kukhethwe ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kunqunywe ukucushwa;Ngasikhathi sinye, ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza kanye nobuchwepheshe bubuye bube yinkinga eyinhloko yokuwohloka kwe-plastic twin-screw extrusion.Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obungenhla bungasekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho okuphumelelayo okukhona, kuhlanganiswe nokuhlolwa kwenqubo ye-extrusion kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemiphumela, ekugcineni kunqume ukucushwa kwemishini yenqubo ye-extrusion.
(3) .I-asphalt eshintshiwe isiphenduke indlela entsha yokuguqulwa kwezinto ze-polymer.Ukugxila ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ekwakhiweni komgwaqo onguthelawayeka, amaphrojekthi wokwakha kabusha isikhumulo sezindiza kanye nokunwetshwa, ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwaso nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nesakhiwo esinqamukayo sokushisa okuphansi kuyisiqondiso esiyinhloko sokuthuthukisa inani laso lesicelo.Ngenxa yokusabalalisa kwesisindo samangqamuzana amaningi kanye nesakhiwo se-macromolecule, ukuguqulwa kwe-asphalt akuzange kube ngcono kakhulu.I-asphalt eguquliwe ikhetheke kakhulu, kokubili kungokwezici zokuhlanganisa ipulasitiki yenjoloba, kodwa futhi inokuqukethwe komkhiqizo ngemuva kokucubungula, ukuthuthwa kwe-twin screw extruder, ukuxuba izakhi zentuthuko, njenge-extrusion granulation kubekwa phambili izidingo ezintsha. , idinga ubuhlakani obusha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kohlobo olusha nokucushwa kwesici sesikulufu, ikhonsoli, ingxenye yesikulufu esiphindwe kabili ekhethiwe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamapharamitha wokuhlola, njengobude besikulufu kuya ku-diameter ratio, inombolo kanye nendawo yesigaba sokukhipha umoya, izinga lokugunda, ifomu elikhiphayo nesakhiwo , njll.
(4).Ngokwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, i-WPC iyimpahla entsha enamandla amakhulu.Kubikwa ukuthi izinhlanganisela zefiber yezitshalo zisetshenziswe kakhulu embonini yezimoto, embonini yezokwakha, embonini yezokuthutha, embonini yezindiza nokunye ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo eziphezulu zemishini, ubulukhuni obuthile, amandla athile, ukumuncwa komsindo kanye nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo.Ku-fiber yokhuni, i-wood powder exutshwe ne-resin matrix, inhlanganisela yezindlela ezahlukene ze-wood fibre entweni eyinhlanganisela etholwe ngokuhlakaza ukufana komehluko inkulu kakhulu, ukuze kuqashelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ze-plastic plastic composite lokhu kukhiqizwa kwezinto ezintsha kuyisihluthulelo Inqubo ye-extrusion kanye nesakhiwo esikhethekile se-extruder, iphoyinti lokusungula ubuchwepheshe lisezindleleni zokushaja ezihlukanisiwe, isakhiwo esikhethekile sohlobo lwe-screw, i-TME ne-ZME element, isistimu yokudlulisa igiya le-torque ephezulu, ubude besikulufa esikhulu kuya ku-diameter ratio kanye ne-D/Di = 1.55 ivolumu yamahhala. , indlela yesinyathelo esisodwa sokukhiqizwa kwe-twin-screw extrusion.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2019